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Denied trade screening is the process of screening those parties involved in an export transaction for the purpose of complying with the safety standards of the U.S. Government. Effective trade screening not only includes denied parties but also controlled products and embargoed or sanctioned countries. The purpose of screening the receiving parties of finished goods is to exude "due diligence" and "reasonable care" when completing transactions with foreign entities, ensuring the safety and intention of the products and importers. With 80-plus denied trade lists already published, more items and checks need to be included in an exporter's validation process. Exporters demonstrating "reasonable care" should perform screenings on a periodic basis as well as perform screenings throughout the movement of the goods within the supply chain. With more country-specific rules being applied, countries have their own denied party lists, some of which include:〔Irmen, Melissa. (March 2009)("10 Ways to Reduce the Cost and Risk of Global Trade Management" ) Journal of Commerce. Retrieved April 15, 2009.〕 *World Bank Listing of Ineligible Firms *U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security - BIS *EU Financial Sanctions Unit *U.S. Food & Drug Administration *United Nations Sanction List *Alqaida and Taliban UN Consolidated List *Office of Foreign Assets Control *International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda The U.S. government restricts all individuals or companies from exporting any service or product to any party contained in a U.S. government export denial, blocked, and debarred persons lists. The failure to comply with the above regulation is a violation of U.S. law and can result in criminal or civil prosecution, as well as denial of export privileges. Every organization is responsible for updating and maintaining information about the parties to whom they ship. The U.S. government encourages exporters to perform screenings on a regular schedule. Companies, groups, and persons found on the lists are sanctioned by the United States government and are not allowed to receive exported goods from the U.S. or export goods from the U.S.〔("Blocked, Denied Entity and Debarred Persons Lists" ) (CBP ) Retrieved April 15, 2009.〕 Typically, depending on which list the match was found, a match would indicate the either of the following situations: 1) A strict export prohibition, 2) A specific license requirement for exporting to or making a business with the sanctioned entity, or 3) The presence of a "red flag" in this transaction with the sanctioned entity. 〔("White Paper - Restricted and Denied Party Screening" ) Retrieved October 29, 2014.〕 Informed, voluntary compliance with U.S. export controls by the export trade community is an important contribution to U.S. national security and a key component of BIS's export administration and enforcement programs. All parties to U.S. export transactions must ensure their exports fully comply with all statutory and regulatory requirements.〔("BIS Compliance Program" ) Retrieved April 15, 2009.〕 Software vendors, eCustoms, Amber Road, Inc., OCR Services, Inc., Intredex, Inc., and MIC Customs Solutions, automate the process of searching for denied trade parties and restricted trade parties.〔(Denied Party Screening Software ) Retrieved March 13, 2012.〕〔(Denied & Restricted Party Screening Software ) Retrieved October 29, 2014.〕 Companies such as SAP America have established working software solutions for screening against multiple lists. The software solution for SAP America is the Global Trade Services module (SAP-GTS)〔http://help.sap.com/grc-gts?current=grc&show_children=false〕 which falls under their Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) directory of software solutions.〔http://help.sap.com/grc?current=grc&show_children=true#jump/grc?current=grc〕 The required lists are uploaded into the purchasing company's software operation system (SAP system). Then the company using SAP-GTS software would compare its business partners against the entries on the selected denied party lists. Additionally, screening can be scheduled or to run ad-hoc as new business partners are added. Further, those required denied party lists can be updated with the latest versions of the lists (delta-files) from the issuing government agencies and international authorities. The SAP-GTS system would maintain those lists as well as log all updates and screenings. The SAP-GTS software would then identify if any business partner is a reasonable match to an entry on the denied party lists. The SAP-GTS software would then block any business connected to the software for that "possible positive" identification. The SAP-GTS software would then notify the company's authorized compliance team or legal team for further verification. If a positive match is encountered then the compliance/legal team are obligated to alert the appropriate authorities. 〔http://help.sap.com/saphelp_dimp50/helpdata/en/bc/f4dc40132a8531e10000000a1550b0/content.htm〕 Only a few service providers have engaged any software due the high level of risk, compliance complexities, and legal ramifications. Installing any software of this nature requires understanding of the software, but more importantly, an understanding of the legal responsibilities of any compliance regulations and obligations. == References == 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Denied trade screening」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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